Ethnographics Gallery University of Kent

Turkish Village

Copyright 1965, 1994 Paul Stirling. All rights reserved.

Paul Stirling
CHAPTER EIGHT

KINSHIP

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Page 167


In Elbashï then, there were in all some nine groups which qualify, some more, some less definitely as what I have called effective lineages, all of which contained some fairly influential and well-to-do households. In addition, there were other named lineage groups either small in numbers, or poor, or both. Of the eighteen refugee households, some were themselves developing small lineages of their own, and others had merged in existing lineages. The remainder, about one-quarter of the village households, seemed to have little interest in lineages beyond regarding their brothers and agnatic first cousins as rather special kin.

Defence and Prestige

If the primary duty of agnates is defence, why do so many people in the village take so little interest in lineage membership? And, if so many people can manage without, why do some find their lineage membership so important?

Soon after I settled in Sakaltutan, I was discussing land shortage in the village, and was told of villages not so very far away where there was land to be had for the ploughing. In more distant parts there were said to be empty lands. Why then, I asked, did the villagers not go to these well landed parts? Who, they replied, `would come to our side in quarrels?' At the time the implications of this reply surprised me. Later I realised that fear of aggression and violence within the village was genuine and well-founded.

Property rights, especially land rights, could not be taken for granted. Neighbours might at any time encroach on one's boundaries, or seek to establish some kind of claim. Security lay not in legality, but in strength. As I have argued, although a functioning system for State protection of individual rights existed even in 1950, the situation did not encourage villagers to call in outsiders or refer disputes to officials or lawyers. Membership of a group strong enough to retaliate is a much more effective insurance against trouble. But trouble is not something to be expected by everyone every day, and the dependence of people on their lineages is related largely to the current quarrels and fears. At the same time, insurance involves premiums in the shape in this case of commitment to

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