Ethnographics Gallery University of Kent

Turkish Village

Copyright 1965, 1994 Paul Stirling. All rights reserved.

Paul Stirling
CHAPTER FOUR

THE VILLAGE ECONOMY

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Page 65


Land shortage here is fairly recent and, combined with the opening of communication, has led to the spread of the Kayseri tradition to these villages but on a smaller and less systematicscale. From Table 5 (p. 55) it is clear that the two main categories of migrants are building trade craftsmen and unskilled labourers. In this list, which is made up only from my notes of comings and goings during my stay, those listed under main ocupation include both household heads who have little or no alternative source of income, and those who either own land which is let to share-croppers, or are members of land owning joint households to which they contribute cash and in which they have full rights to support. The first are likely to stay away from the village for nine months each year, the second may well return to help with, and in some cases also to watch over their share of, the harvest. Those who combine agriculture and migration are even more unpredictable in their comings and goings. Indeed, every adult male is a potential migrant if misfortune or special needs drive him to earn outside the village.

Thirty-nine men were skilled building trade operatives. Plasterers predominated, I was told, because this was the easiest skill to pick up. The first plasterer in Sakaltutan, Hasan (V), had learned his trade ten years before from a friend, and had then taught his kin, and thus the skill had spread through the village. Almost all the plasterers were young men and recent recruits to the trade.

Labour for building is apparently recruited by a hierarchical system of contracting and subcontracting, so that there are often several levels between the contractor who undertakes to build a building and the workman who puts the bricks and plaster together. Thus, finding regular work depends on establishing and maintaining contacts with people in the next level above oneself. At least two men in Sakaltutan were one level up from the bottom in this system; they took on large amounts of work from contractors and then subcontracted part of it to their friends. A position at this level gave a man much greater continuity of work, higher profit, and the power to dispense employment to his neighbours and friends.

The ordinary skilled men also worked on contract. They claimed to be able to earn from T.L.7 to T.L.12 a day (17s. 6d. to £l 10s., $2.40 to $4.20); the standard answer was T.L.10.

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