Ethnographics Gallery University of Kent

Turkish Village

Copyright 1965, 1994 Paul Stirling. All rights reserved.

Paul Stirling
CHAPTER FIVE

THE HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY

previous page

Page 87


roughly each household by its main source of income (p. 69). Forty-nine relied wholly or largely on agriculture, sixteenargely on migrant labour, twenty on a mixture of these, and thirteen on work inside the village. For Elbashï, a much smaller proportion, indeed a smaller absolute number, derived income from outside, and probably a larger proportion earned their keep largely by work in the village. More than half of the households lived largely or wholly by agriculture.

The wealthiest of those in Elbashï, who lived by farming alone -had considerable incomes. If my guess for global cash income is correct, then one purely agricultural household of six people had a total income in 1952 of about T.L.6,000 (£750, or $2,100), after having provided directly for much of their household and farming needs in kind. Another household head, with seven in his household, gave me an estimate of about T.L.3,000 cash income. 1951 and 1952 were good years, and of the twenty-six households assessed in the top class for village contributions (p. 53), quite a number must have had incomes comparable with these.
Even in Sakaltutan, the wealthiest household (Table 6, No. I) would on a rough estimate have in a good year enjoyed an income not far less, about T.L.2,500, but this with a total population of thirteen, including two middle-aged heads of growIng families. Another villager who had enough land claimed that in a good year, on the side of the village on which more than half his land lay, he would make T.L:3,000, though he was immediately contradicted. In answer to direct questions several people in Sakaltutan said that in a normal year, an average household would make between T.L.500 and T.L. 1,000, and this seems to be about right for the majority of ordinary middling households.

We may compare these figures with the earnings of skilled craftsmen. The most successful and regular migrants made somewhere about T.L.2,000 a year. On the other hand, finding work is chancy, many did not stay the full nine months, and all admitted spending on frivolities in town. Perhaps T.L.600 to 900 for the actual annual contribution to the household budget would be right in most cases.

Where personal incomes of this order came into a farming household they brought reasonable comfort. One household

next page
Contents Page